Improvement in churns



B. s. FLETCHER.

' Churn.

No. 54,878. Patented May 22, 1866.

////// //////////////////////////fl/fl Wiwe maarr/?of I W Unrrn BENJAMINS. FLETCHER, OF OQRNISH, NEW I-lAlVlPSHRE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF ANDSYLVESTER DAVIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Spccification forming part of Letters Patent No'. 54,878, (lated May 22,1866.

To all whom t'i may CORCML:

Be 't known that I, BENJAMIN S. FLETCHER, of Gornish, in the county ofSullivan and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Churns; and I hereby (leci-are that the following is afull and exact description ot' the construction and operation of thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to theletters of reference marked thereon.

Figure l is a broken side view. Fig. 2 is a long'tudinal sectional view.Fg. 3 is a crosssectional View; and Fg. 4 is a View of a portion of ashaft, showing an end View ot' the breakers.

I an aware that there are other churns patented and in use which, insome respects, are similar to mine, yet in other respects mine iscssentially different from any yet patented, especially in the form,position, and operation of the dashers and breakers.

I construct my churn of wood `or any other suitable material, of asquare form, with a detachable lid or cover, nearly as large as the topof the churn, which is held in its place by buttons. Within the lid is aglass plate, through which the process of churning nay be observedenabling the operator to know when the operation is completed withoutremoving the lid. Within the churn is a shaft extending horizontallyfrom side to side, and which is furnished with flies or dashers. Thereis also within the churn a series of breakers, between which the dasherspass as they revolve' The lower ends of said breakers rest indepressions in the bottom of the churn, corresponding in shape and sizewith the ends thereof. On the upper ends of the breakers necks areconstructed, which rest in collars in a crosspiece across one of theupper ends of the churn. Said breakers are held in place by a rod whichpasses through the upper part of the churn from side to side and acrossthe necks thereof, but they may be removed from the churn by withdrawing the rod. When in the churn they rest at an angle of about siXty-fivedegrees.

The transverse forn of the dashers and 4 breakers is that of anisosceles triangle, and their distance apart is a little more than thelength of the short angle, and as the dashers revolve with the longangles in front they work together easily and press the erean closely.On one end of the shaft o which are h'xed the dashers is a journal whichworks in a journal' box placed in the side of the churn near the center.In the other end of the shaft is a square socket, which is adapted tothe inner end of a short metallic shaft which extends through the sideof the churn, and on the outer end ot' which is fixed a pinion whichgears into a larger encycloidal wheel revolvi ng on a pivot fixed firmlyto a ele-at attached to the side of the churn. To the large wheel isattached a handle tbrning a crank by which the ma chinery is operatcd.Around the short metallic shat't is a groove which adrnits the point ofa small metallierod, which passes up through the cleat to which thepivot on which the large wheel revolves is fixed. This rod constitutes akey, which prevents the short shai't from slippin g out while theinachinery is in operation and becoming detached from the shaft on whichthe dashers are fixed; but it may be withdrawn when it isdesired towithdraw the shaft for the purpose of removing the dashers from thechurn.

A A, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, represents the body of the churn; b b, thecover, and 0 the glass plate in the cover.

B, Figs. 1 and 3, represents the eneycloidal wheel gearing with thepinion O, Fig. 1.

D, Figs. 2 and 3, is the shaft on which is 'fixed the flies or dashers EE. On one end of this shaft is the journal cc, Fig. 3, which revolves inthe journal-box e. In the other end of said shaft is a socket adapted tothe square and of the short shaft F. i is the groove in said shaft, inwhich rests the key Fc,'Figs. 1 end 3.

G G, Figs. -2 and 3, are the breakers, the necks of which are held inthe collars in the cross-piece f by the rod g.

My churn nay be constructed so that a cranl; may be attached to theouter end of the shaft Fwhen a slow motion of the dashers is desired; orthe wheels may be dispensed with entirely.

In operatin g my churn the form of the dash-` ers is such that theyenter the crean easily and press it closely in passing between thebreakers causing a sharp current and a rapid breaking of the oilyglobules, and thus completing the ehurning in. a short; time.

After the churning is completed the shaft D may be removed from the churby removing the wheel B from the pivot and raising the key Ic andremoving the pinion C.

The breakers Gr G may be removed by withdrawing the rod g, when therewill he no obstruction to the gathering of the butter or the cleansingot' the churn.

The points of difference between my churn and others patented is intheform of the dashers E E and the breakers Gr Gr, and the posi- 'tion andmanner in which said breakers are placed within the ehurn.

BENJAMIN S. FLETCHER.

Witnesses N ELLIE O. DAVIS, E. MARIA DAVIS.

